Daily English Vocabulary – Lesson 4: Home and House

Level: B1  |  Everyday English

Vocabulary

At B1 level, talking about home moves beyond rooms and furniture into the language of the housing market, property law, community, and social issues — the vocabulary you need to engage with housing as a topic in the real world.
Housing market and property
mortgage(noun)
A loan taken out to buy a property, repaid over many years with interest.
"They took out a twenty-five-year mortgage to buy their first home."
equity(noun)
The portion of a property's value that the owner actually owns, as opposed to what is owed on a mortgage.
"After ten years of repayments, they had built up considerable equity in the house."
surveyor(noun)
A professional who assesses the condition of a building before purchase.
"The surveyor found several structural issues that needed addressing before the sale could proceed."
conveyancing(noun)
The legal process of transferring ownership of a property from one person to another.
"The conveyancing took three months because the chain of buyers and sellers was very long."
gazumping(noun)
The practice of a seller accepting a higher offer from a new buyer after already accepting an offer from someone else.
"They were victims of gazumping and lost thousands on surveys and legal fees."
leasehold(noun/adjective)
A form of property ownership where you own the right to use the property for a fixed number of years, but not the land itself.
"Many flats in England are sold as leasehold rather than freehold."
Living arrangements and community
co-housing(noun)
A type of housing arrangement where residents have private homes but share common spaces and resources.
"Co-housing communities often share a garden, workshop, and communal dining area."
gentrification(noun)
The process by which a previously affordable neighbourhood becomes expensive as wealthier residents move in.
"Gentrification has transformed the area — it was a working-class neighbourhood a decade ago."
tenure(noun)
The conditions under which a property is occupied, such as renting or owning.
"Secure tenure means tenants cannot be evicted without good reason."
downsizing(noun/verb)
Moving to a smaller home, typically after children have left or to reduce costs.
"They are considering downsizing now that their children have grown up and left."
communal(adjective)
Shared by all members of a group or community.
"The building has a communal roof terrace that all residents can use."
affordable housing(noun phrase)
Housing that is priced or subsidised so that lower-income households can afford it.
"The council has committed to building more affordable housing in the borough."
Describing and improving a home
dilapidated(adjective)
In a state of serious disrepair; decayed and neglected.
"The house was completely dilapidated when they bought it but now it is beautiful."
open-plan(adjective)
Describing a space where rooms flow into each other without dividing walls, creating a larger shared area.
"They knocked down the wall between the kitchen and living room to create an open-plan space."
insulation(noun)
Material used in a building to prevent heat from escaping, keeping it warmer in winter and cooler in summer.
"Poor insulation is one of the main reasons old houses are so expensive to heat."
retrofit(verb/noun)
To add new technology or features to an existing building that were not part of the original design.
"They decided to retrofit solar panels on the roof to reduce their energy bills."
kerb appeal(noun phrase)
The attractiveness of a property as seen from the street, which influences a buyer's first impression.
"A fresh coat of paint and new front door improved the kerb appeal significantly."
stamp duty(noun phrase)
A tax paid by the buyer when purchasing a property above a certain value.
"The stamp duty on the house added an extra twelve thousand pounds to the total cost."

Listening Practice

Listen to the conversation. At B1 level, some questions ask about attitude and implied meaning, not just stated facts.

▶ Conversation
Presenter: On today's programme we are looking at the housing crisis. I am joined by Rosa, a housing policy researcher, and Tom, who recently managed to buy his first home after years of trying.
Rosa: The core problem is that we have treated housing primarily as an asset rather than a basic need. When prices rise, homeowners benefit, so there has been little political incentive to bring them down.
Tom: Frankly, demoralising. I was saving for eight years. By the time I had enough for a deposit, prices had risen so much that I still could not afford anywhere decent. The goalposts kept moving.
Rosa: That points to the fundamental issue — we are not building enough homes, particularly affordable housing. The planning system makes new development extremely slow and expensive.
Presenter: What about alternative housing models? Co-housing, for instance?
Rosa: Co-housing communities are genuinely promising. Residents share communal spaces while retaining private homes — it reduces costs, reduces isolation, and tends to build very strong local communities.
Tom: The gentrification of my area made my situation worse. As the neighbourhood changed, rental prices went up, which made it even harder to save.
Presenter: Rosa, what policy changes would make the most difference?
Rosa: We need to build significantly more homes at genuinely affordable prices, and we need to reform leasehold so that people who think they are buying a home actually own what they have paid for. Gazumping should also be made illegal, as it is in Scotland.
Tom: And the conveyancing process needs to be faster. My purchase took six months from offer to completion — six months during which prices could have risen further and the deal could have fallen through.
Presenter: Strong points from both of you. The housing crisis shows no sign of resolving itself — solutions require both political will and long-term commitment.
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Multiple Choice

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